In contention for Herat of Afghanistan, Britain and Persia entered into the British- Iranian War. Walker, a USA adventurer, got involved in the Nicaraguan civil war and seized the supreme power in September of the same year. In 1855.1 a new liberal Constitution was ratified in Spain. O'Donnell, a Spanish military officer, staged a coup, which marked the beginning of the Fourth Spanish Revolution. On 1857.3.18 Maryland-in- Liberia was incorporated into Liberia. The USA colony of Maryland-in-Liberia in southeastern Liberia declared independence from USA and esablished the Independent State of Maryland-in-Liberia. Japan was thus forced to abandon its isolationist policy.Īlvarez, Governor of Guerrero under Mexico, drew up the Plan of Ayutla and rose against President de Santa Ana, who was overthrown on. Japan and USA signed the Treay of Kanagawa, by which Japan opened two ports to American trade and granted the most-favoured-nation treatment to USA. Orange River Sovereignty, the Boer colony under the British Colonial Government, declared independence and established the Orange Free State.
Okukenun, Chief of the Abeokutas, founded the Abeokuta Kingdom in southwestern Nigeria.Ĭonflicts broke out between the USA residents in Wyoming and the Native American Sioux Tribe, which came to be known as the Sioux War. On 1856.3.30 the belligerents signed the Treaty of Paris whereby the independence and integrity were to be guaranteed by the powers, while Russia was to cede southern Bessarabia to the Osmanli Turks and guarantee the neutralization of the Black Sea and the navigational safety of River Danube. Later Britain, France and Austria also joined the war against Russia. To seize control of the Black Sea, Russia entered into the Crimean War with the Osmanli Turks. During his tenure he carried out the policy of unifying Italy.Īnhalt-Dessau and Anhalt Kothen were united as the Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau-Kothen. After Zhang Lexing was killed by the Qing army in the second lunar month of 1863, Zhang Zongyu succeeded as leader.Ĭavour became Prime Minister of Sardinia. In 1857 the Nian Army allied with the Taiping Kingdom against the Qing Government. In 1855 the Nian Armies in various parts of China joined forces and elected Zhang Lexing as their common leader.
Zhang Lexing, head of the Nian group in China, started a rebellion against the Qing Government in Anhui, China and formed the Nian Army. 12.1 of the next year he changed his title to Emperor (called Napoleon III) and established the Second French Empire.īritain started the Second Burmese War and conquered Pegu on. President Louis Napoleon of France staged a self-coup and assumes dictatorial power. De Urquiza, Governor of the Argentine Province of Entre Rios, rose against de Rosas, Governor of Buenos Aires and overthrew de Rosas on.
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